oracle中ADHU(ASM Disk Header Utility)―asm disk header备份恢复工具

adhu（ASM Disk Header Utility）作为oracle asm中和kfed,amdu齐名的asm三大恢复神器之一,没有被oracle大力推广(属于内部工具),随着kfed功能增强和asm disk header自动备份功能的完善,adhu oracle基本上停止的开发支持,可以用来作为10.2.0.5之前asm版本的磁盘头保护工具
adhu预览
这里可以通过shell封装的utildhu调用adhu程序,实现更加人性化和自动化操作,它含有install,check,repair三个命令参数.
[root@xff1 tmp]# su - grid
xff1:/home/grid> cd /tmp/adhu/
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l
total 68
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall 18902 Nov  1  2008 adhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1970 Nov  1  2008 README
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall  6964 Mar 21 16:20 utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     12634 Mar 21 16:05 utildhu.zip
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu
Usage: utildhu install/check/repair [device name]
 
$utildhu install
Will gather a list of member ASM disks and create
the backup directory  ./HeaderBackup
The ./HeaderBackup directory will contain the
backup header of every asm disk in this database
 
$utildhu  check
Will run /tmp/adhu/adhu for every disk discovered by
$utildhu install and will email recipients configured
in RECIPIENTS if there are errors in the disk header
 
It is hoped that the user will enter valid RECIPIENT
email addresses, and will place this utility in $ORA_ASM_HOME
 
$utildhu  repair
Will repair the device provided using the backup
header blocks that have been copied previously.
This does assume that you have backup header blocks
in ./HeaderBackup
 
Sample crontab entry to run a check every 5 minutes
#Minute (0-59)  Hour (0-23)  Day of Month (1-31) 
Month (1-12 or Jan-Dec)  Day of Week (0-6 or Sun-Sat)  Command
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * *  utildhu check
 
Please read the README for more information
adhu install
install主要是实现utildhu.config配置文件生成和第一次asm 磁盘头备份
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu install
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l
total 64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall 18902 Nov  1  2008 adhu
drwxr-xr-x 2 grid oinstall  4096 Mar 21 16:23 HeaderBackup
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1117 Mar 21 16:23 persistent-log.utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1970 Nov  1  2008 README
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall  6964 Mar 21 16:20 utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall   243 Mar 21 16:23 utildhu.config
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall   710 Mar 21 16:23 utildhu.out
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     12634 Mar 21 16:05 utildhu.zip
xff1:/tmp/adhu> cd HeaderBackup/
xff1:/tmp/adhu/HeaderBackup> ls -ltr
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 oradata2p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 ocrvotep1
xff1:/tmp/adhu/HeaderBackup> more ../utildhu.config
/dev/mapper/oradata1p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/oradata2p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/ocrvotep1                                                         
xff1:/tmp/adhu>  more ../persistent-log.utildhu
Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 CST 2016
ASM Disk Header Check Utility Installed on
Devices configured are:
/dev/mapper/oradata1p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/oradata2p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/ocrvotep1                                                         
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x01 Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid disk header found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: backup block updated
 
###ADHU check run at Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 CST 2016  NO ERRORS FOUND
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 oradata2p1
adhu check
对于正常的asm disk,主要是为了生成新的磁盘头备份
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 oradata2p1
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu check
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 oradata2p1
adhu repair
repair主要是修复磁盘头,当asm 磁盘头损坏之时,可以通过这个命令实现磁盘头修复
xff1:/tmp/adhu> dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mapper/oradata1p1 bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000282838 s, 14.5 MB/s
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu check
xff1:/tmp/adhu> tail -f persistent-log.utildhu
 
###ADHU check run at Mon Mar 21 23:04:04 CST 2016  ERRORS FOUND
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x08 Mon Mar 21 23:04:04 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: corrupt disk header encountered
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid backup block found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: CORRUPT HEADER NOT REPAIRED
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> kfed read /dev/mapper/oradata1p1
kfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00
kfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00
kfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID
kfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0
kfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
7F6BD9981400 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
  Repeat 255 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> sqlplus / as sysasm
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Mar 21 23:07:25 2016
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data dismount;
alter diskgroup data dismount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15027: active use of diskgroup "DATA" precludes its dismount
 
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
alter diskgroup data mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "DATA" cannot be mounted
ORA-15013: diskgroup "DATA" is already mounted
 
 
SQL>  alter diskgroup data dismount force;
 
Diskgroup altered.
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
alter diskgroup data mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "DATA" cannot be mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
 
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu repair /dev/mapper/oradata1p1
DEVICE  /dev/mapper/oradata1p1 REPAIRED AT  Mon Mar 21 23:06:06 CST 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x04 Mon Mar 21 23:06:06 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: corrupt disk header encountered
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid backup block found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: disk header repaired
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> sqlplus / as sysasm
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Mar 21 23:08:48 2016
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
 
Diskgroup altered.
adhu直接使用
adhu [-dir dirname ] [-repair] [-quiet] [-readonly] [-syslog mask ] devname
默认情况下adhu将disk header备份为当前目录下的备份文件。 使用-dir选项可以指定存放的目录。
当需要使用adhu去修复一个损坏的asm disk header时使用-repair 选项。
-quiet 选项将过滤所有正常的输出信息，若执行成功则不打印任何输出。
-readonly选项 以只读方式来打开disk device，这样备份block将不被写入，而备份文件将在可能的情况下写入。
-syslog选项控制是否写出结果到系统日志和标准输出。
devname代表为asm disk的设备文件，asm头的备份文件将以该device name为基础，并存放在当前目录或者-dir指定的目录。

原文来自：http://www.xifenfei.com/2016/04/adhu-asm-disk-header-utility.html