MySQL逻辑备份into outfile代码示例

本篇文章小编给大家分享一下MySQL逻辑备份into outfile代码示例，文章代码介绍的很详细，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家供大家参考，有需要的小伙伴们可以来看看。

逻辑数据导出（备份）

用法：

select xxx into outfile '/path/file' from table_name;
mysql>select * into outfile '/back/emp3.sql' from emp;

无论是什么存储引擎，本身是一种数据导出的方法，同时可以用来辅助备份，它可以对一个表的其中一列或者某几列做备份，如果是多列的话用逗号隔开

逻辑数据导入（恢复）

方法一：

load data local infile '/path/file' into table table_name;
mysql> load data local infile '/back/emp.sql' into table emp;

说明：该方法要求在编译数据库时要加上--enable-local-infile参数才可以使用

方法二：

# mysqlimport dbname /path/filename

说明：filename 必须和数据库里面表名一样

综合示例

例一

# 创建表
mysql> create table t1(id int, name varchar(32));
# 插入数据
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'haha'),(2,'wowo'),(3,'lili'),(4,'yoyo');
# 查看表
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | haha |
| 2 | wowo |
| 3 | lili |
| 4 | yoyo |
+------+------+
# 备份
mysql> select id, name into outfile '/tmp/back_mysql' from t1;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)

查看备份

[root@Admin ~]# cat /tmp/back_mysql
1 haha
2 wowo
3 lili
4 yoyo

删除数据并测试

mysql> delete from t1 where id=3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | haha |
| 2 | wowo |
| 4 | yoyo |
+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> load data local infile '/tmp/back_mysql' into table t1;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 4 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | haha |
| 2 | wowo |
| 4 | yoyo |
| 1 | haha |
| 2 | wowo |
| 3 | lili |
| 4 | yoyo |
+------+------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

View Code

例二

创建一个表，把系统里的/etc/passwd导入数据库

create table password(
username varchar(40),
password char(5),
uid int,
gid int,
comment varchar(30),
homedir varchar(30),
shell varchar(30));

处理passwd文件，将：替换成制表符

[root@Admin ~]# sed -n 's/:/t/gp' /etc/passwd >/tmp/passwd

导入数据库

方法一：

mysql> load data local infile '/tmp/passwd' into table password;

mysql> select * from password;
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+
| username      | password | uid   | gid   | comment                      | homedir                | shell          |
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+
| root          | x        |     0 |     0 | root                         | /root                  | /bin/bash      |
| bin           | x        |     1 |     1 | bin                          | /bin                   | /sbin/nologin  |
| daemon        | x        |     2 |     2 | daemon                       | /sbin                  | /sbin/nologin  |
| adm           | x        |     3 |     4 | adm                          | /var/adm               | /sbin/nologin  |
| lp            | x        |     4 |     7 | lp                           | /var/spool/lpd         | /sbin/nologin  |
| sync          | x        |     5 |     0 | sync                         | /sbin                  | /bin/sync      |
| shutdown      | x        |     6 |     0 | shutdown                     | /sbin                  | /sbin/shutdown |
| halt          | x        |     7 |     0 | halt                         | /sbin                  | /sbin/halt     |
| mail          | x        |     8 |    12 | mail                         | /var/spool/mail        | /sbin/nologin  |
| uucp          | x        |    10 |    14 | uucp                         | /var/spool/uucp        | /sbin/nologin  |
| operator      | x        |    11 |     0 | operator                     | /root                  | /sbin/nologin  |
| games         | x        |    12 |   100 | games                        | /usr/games             | /sbin/nologin  |
| gopher        | x        |    13 |    30 | gopher                       | /var/gopher            | /sbin/nologin  |
| ftp           | x        |    14 |    50 | FTP User                     | /var/ftp               | /sbin/nologin  |
| nobody        | x        |    99 |    99 | Nobody                       | /                      | /sbin/nologin  |
| dbus          | x        |    81 |    81 | System message bus           | /                      | /sbin/nologin  |
| usbmuxd       | x        |   113 |   113 | usbmuxd user                 | /                      | /sbin/nologin  |
| rpc           | x        |    32 |    32 | Rpcbind Daemon               | /var/lib/rpcbind       | /sbin/nologin  |
| rtkit         | x        |   499 |   499 | RealtimeKit                  | /proc                  | /sbin/nologin  |
| avahi-autoipd | x        |   170 |   170 | Avahi IPv4LL Stack           | /var/lib/avahi-autoipd | /sbin/nologin  |
| vcsa          | x        |    69 |    69 | virtual console memory owner | /dev                   | /sbin/nologin  |
| abrt          | x        |   173 |   173 |                              | /etc/abrt              | /sbin/nologin  |
| rpcuser       | x        |    29 |    29 | RPC Service User             | /var/lib/nfs           | /sbin/nologin  |
| nfsnobody     | x        | 65534 | 65534 | Anonymous NFS User           | /var/lib/nfs           | /sbin/nologin  |
| haldaemon     | x        |    68 |    68 | HAL daemon                   | /                      | /sbin/nologin  |
| ntp           | x        |    38 |    38 |                              | /etc/ntp               | /sbin/nologin  |
| apache        | x        |    48 |    48 | Apache                       | /var/www               | /sbin/nologin  |
| saslauth      | x        |   498 |    76 | Saslauthd user               | /var/empty/saslauth    | /sbin/nologin  |
| postfix       | x        |    89 |    89 |                              | /var/spool/postfix     | /sbin/nologin  |
| gdm           | x        |    42 |    42 |                              | /var/lib/gdm           | /sbin/nologin  |
| pulse         | x        |   497 |   496 | PulseAudio System Daemon     | /var/run/pulse         | /sbin/nologin  |
| sshd          | x        |    74 |    74 | Privilege-separated SSH      | /var/empty/sshd        | /sbin/nologin  |
| tcpdump       | x        |    72 |    72 |                              | /                      | /sbin/nologin  |
| mysql         | x        |    27 |    27 | MySQL Server                 | /var/lib/mysql         | /bin/bash      |
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+

方法二：

通过mysqlimport进行导入

注意：导入的文件名必须和表名一样

[root@Admin ~]# cp /etc/passwd /tmp/password
[root@Admin ~]# mysqlimport --fields-terminated-by=':' --lines-terminated-by='n' login '/tmp/password'
login.password: Records: 34 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

说明：文件不需处理， 通过--fields-terminated-by=':' 和 --lines-terminated-by='n' 将passwd文件中的冒号替换为制表符

mysql> select * from password;
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+
| username | password | uid | gid | comment | homedir | shell |
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+
| root | x | 0 | 0 | root | /root | /bin/bash |
| bin | x | 1 | 1 | bin | /bin | /sbin/nologin |
| daemon | x | 2 | 2 | daemon | /sbin | /sbin/nologin |
| adm | x | 3 | 4 | adm | /var/adm | /sbin/nologin |
| lp | x | 4 | 7 | lp | /var/spool/lpd | /sbin/nologin |
| sync | x | 5 | 0 | sync | /sbin | /bin/sync |
| shutdown | x | 6 | 0 | shutdown | /sbin | /sbin/shutdown |
| halt | x | 7 | 0 | halt | /sbin | /sbin/halt |
| mail | x | 8 | 12 | mail | /var/spool/mail | /sbin/nologin |
| uucp | x | 10 | 14 | uucp | /var/spool/uucp | /sbin/nologin |
| operator | x | 11 | 0 | operator | /root | /sbin/nologin |
| games | x | 12 | 100 | games | /usr/games | /sbin/nologin |
| gopher | x | 13 | 30 | gopher | /var/gopher | /sbin/nologin |
| ftp | x | 14 | 50 | FTP User | /var/ftp | /sbin/nologin |
| nobody | x | 99 | 99 | Nobody | / | /sbin/nologin |
| dbus | x | 81 | 81 | System message bus | / | /sbin/nologin |
| usbmuxd | x | 113 | 113 | usbmuxd user | / | /sbin/nologin |
| rpc | x | 32 | 32 | Rpcbind Daemon | /var/lib/rpcbind | /sbin/nologin |
| rtkit | x | 499 | 499 | RealtimeKit | /proc | /sbin/nologin |
| avahi-autoipd | x | 170 | 170 | Avahi IPv4LL Stack | /var/lib/avahi-autoipd | /sbin/nologin |
| vcsa | x | 69 | 69 | virtual console memory owner | /dev | /sbin/nologin |
| abrt | x | 173 | 173 | | /etc/abrt | /sbin/nologin |
| rpcuser | x | 29 | 29 | RPC Service User | /var/lib/nfs | /sbin/nologin |
| nfsnobody | x | 65534 | 65534 | Anonymous NFS User | /var/lib/nfs | /sbin/nologin |
| haldaemon | x | 68 | 68 | HAL daemon | / | /sbin/nologin |
| ntp | x | 38 | 38 | | /etc/ntp | /sbin/nologin |
| apache | x | 48 | 48 | Apache | /var/www | /sbin/nologin |
| saslauth | x | 498 | 76 | Saslauthd user | /var/empty/saslauth | /sbin/nologin |
| postfix | x | 89 | 89 | | /var/spool/postfix | /sbin/nologin |
| gdm | x | 42 | 42 | | /var/lib/gdm | /sbin/nologin |
| pulse | x | 497 | 496 | PulseAudio System Daemon | /var/run/pulse | /sbin/nologin |
| sshd | x | 74 | 74 | Privilege-separated SSH | /var/empty/sshd | /sbin/nologin |
| tcpdump | x | 72 | 72 | | / | /sbin/nologin |
| mysql | x | 27 | 27 | MySQL Server | /var/lib/mysql | /bin/bash |
+---------------+----------+-------+-------+------------------------------+------------------------+----------------+
34 rows in set (0.00 sec)

例三

把用户登录系统的信息存储到数据库里

需要显示如下：

select username 用户名, tty 登录终端, ip 来源IP from login;

创建数据库

mysql> create table login( username varchar(40), tty varchar(40), ip varchar(50));

处理登录数据并存储在文件里：

[root@Admin ~]# last -f /var/log/wtmp |sed -r '/^reboot|^wtmp/d' |awk '{print $1"t"$2"t"$3}'|tee /tmp/login

存储

方法一：

mysql> load data local infile '/tmp/login' into table login;

方法二：

[root@Admin ~]# mysqlimport login '/tmp/login'

查看结果：

mysql> select username 用户名, tty 登录终端, ip 来源IP from login;

+-----------+--------------+---------------+

| 用户名 | 登录终端 | 来源IP |

+-----------+--------------+---------------+

| root | pts/2 | 192.168.1.131 |

| root | pts/1 | 192.168.1.131 |

| root | pts/1 | 192.168.1.131 |

| root | pts/0 | :0.0 |

| root | tty1 | :0 |

| root | pts/0 | :0.0 |

| root | tty1 | :0 |

| | | |

+-----------+--------------+---------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)